La estrategia de Cruce de Medias MΓ³viles utiliza dos medias mΓ³viles de diferentes perΓodos para generar seΓ±ales de compra y venta. Aproxima la idea de un mercado en tendencia usando 2 SMAs, una SMA corta y rΓ‘pida (50) y otra SMA larga y lenta (200). Compra cuando una SMA corta (50) cruza hacia arriba una SMA larga (200), implicando que la direcciΓ³n del mercado ha cambiado. Vende cuando una SMA corta (50) cruza hacia abajo una SMA larga (200). Estas son medias mΓ³viles bastante largas, lo que significa que esta estrategia estΓ‘ naturalmente destinada a capturar movimientos mΓ‘s grandes, y por lo tanto podrΓa no ser adecuada para marcos de tiempo cortos. Β‘Pero suposiciones como esa no significan nada, porque la hemos backtesteado! CompruΓ©balo tΓΊ mismo.
El backtest cubre 15 years de datos TSLA β’ Daily (Tesla, Inc.), desde June 29, 2010 hasta July 11, 2025.
La curva de equidad es el rendimiento de la estrategia a lo largo del tiempo. Debes compararla con el rendimiento de Compra y MantΓ©n del activo. En general, quieres que el Γ‘rea azul estΓ© bien por encima del Γ‘rea gris.
El drawdown es cuΓ‘ntas pΓ©rdidas (realizadas o no realizadas) ha tenido la estrategia si se compara con el pico mΓ‘s alto de equidad. Compara esto con el drawdown del activo para ver si tu estrategia hace un trabajo decente de aislarte de la volatilidad bajista. En general, el Γ‘rea roja debe estar bien dentro del Γ‘rea gris.
Entonces, hemos hecho backtest de 50/200 SMA cross en 15 years de velas TSLA β’ Daily.Β Este backtest resultΓ³ en 13 posiciones, con una tasa de ganancia promedio de 38% y una relaciΓ³n riesgo-recompensa de 25.32.Β Si asumes que la relaciΓ³n riesgo-recompensa de 25.32 se mantiene, necesitas una tasa de ganancia mΓnima de 3.8 para ser rentable. AsΓ que vas bien hasta ahora.Β Sin embargo, 13 posiciones es una muestra pequeΓ±a, asΓ que toma los resultados con mucha cautela.Β Las mΓ©tricas clave son las siguientes:
Con esa exposiciΓ³n en mente, puedes ver que para 57% tiempo-en-mercado, obtienes 12.98% del potencial alcista del activo, y 87.20% del potencial bajista del activo.
All of the following: # "Papa" D Simple Moving Average (50, 0, close) Crosses β D Simple Moving Average (200, 0, close)
All of the following: # "India" D Simple Moving Average (50, 0, close) Crosses β D Simple Moving Average (200, 0, close)
This backtest shows some interesting metrics, but I have serious concerns about the statistical significance. With only 13 trades over 15 years, we simply don't have enough data points to make reliable conclusions. That's less than 1 trade per year - not good for building statistical confidence.
The win rate of 38% looks terrible at first glance, but combined with the remarkable risk/reward ratio of 25.32 (average win being 296.58% versus average loss of -11.71%), it actually delivers positive expectancy. However, I must point out that such extreme risk/reward numbers are suspicious and might indicate overfitting or survivorship bias, especially with Tesla being such a unique case in market history.
The maximum drawdown of 65.4% is concerning, and the strategy significantly underperformed buy & hold (3139% vs 24185%). The market exposure of 57.1% suggests this is more of a trend-following approach, which makes sense given the SMA crossover logic. But with such infrequent trading and high drawdown risk, I would not recommend this strategy for real trading without significant modifications and more rigorous testing across multiple instruments. The numbers look more like a historical accident than a reliable trading system.
Total de Operaciones | 13 | Beneficio Neto | 3139.0% | Beneficio Compra y MantΓ©n | 24185.2% |
Tasa de Ganancia | 38% | Ratio Riesgo/Recompensa | 25.32 | MΓ‘ximo Drawdown | -65.4% |
MΓ‘ximo Drawdown del Activo | -75.0% | ExposiciΓ³n | 57.1% | Promedio de Velas en PosiciΓ³n | 165.1 |
Ratio de Sharpe | 0.41 | Ratio de Sortino | 0.97 | Volatilidad Realizada | 38.47% |
Racha MΓ‘xima de Ganancia | 2 | Racha Promedio de Ganancia | 1.3 | Racha MΓ‘xima de PΓ©rdida | 3 |
Racha Promedio de PΓ©rdida | 2.0 | Promedio de Operaciones por Mes | 0.1 | Promedio de Operaciones por DΓa | 0.0 |
Desv. Est. del Retorno | 287.1 | Desv. Est. de la PΓ©rdida | 8.5 | Desv. Est. de la Ganancia | 417.2 |
Expectativa | 9.1 | Beta | 0.63 |
common.strategy | exposiciΓ³n | rendimiento vs activo | drawdown vs activo | tasa de ganancia | recompensa/ riesgo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BTCUSDT β’ 1 Minute | 57% | (5.4%/8.9%) 0.61x | (-2.0%/-1.9%) 1.05x | 39 | 5.4 |
EURUSD β’ 1 Minute | 61% | (-1.1%/-1.0%) 1.10x | (-1.2%/-1.2%) 1.00x | 20 | 1.1 |
GLD β’ 1 Minute | 52% | (1.7%/0.0%) Infinityx | (-2.5%/-5.5%) 0.45x | 36 | 2.5 |
NVDA β’ 1 Minute | 61% | (1.2%/16.7%) 0.07x | (-7.9%/-4.4%) 1.80x | 28 | 2.9 |
SPY β’ 1 Minute | 60% | (0.5%/4.6%) 0.11x | (-2.5%/-2.1%) 1.19x | 33 | 2.3 |
TSLA β’ 1 Minute | 47% | (6.6%/-10.3%) -0.64x | (-11.2%/-21.4%) 0.52x | 39 | 2.1 |
WMT β’ 1 Minute | 41% | (-0.5%/-5.4%) 0.09x | (-3.9%/-6.4%) 0.61x | 29 | 2.4 |
BTCUSDT β’ 10 Minutes | 57% | (18.2%/22.4%) 0.81x | (-8.6%/-12.1%) 0.71x | 41 | 3.1 |
EURUSD β’ 10 Minutes | 55% | (2.5%/5.8%) 0.43x | (-2.2%/-4.3%) 0.51x | 38 | 2.4 |
GLD β’ 10 Minutes | 58% | (26.1%/43.7%) 0.60x | (-5.9%/-8.3%) 0.71x | 54 | 3.1 |
NVDA β’ 10 Minutes | 57% | (5.0%/32.9%) 0.15x | (-33.4%/-42.8%) 0.78x | 44 | 1.4 |
SPY β’ 10 Minutes | 60% | (6.6%/14.3%) 0.46x | (-13.4%/-20.7%) 0.65x | 41 | 1.9 |
TSLA β’ 10 Minutes | 47% | (18.4%/59.0%) 0.31x | (-34.8%/-55.3%) 0.63x | 41 | 1.9 |
WMT β’ 10 Minutes | 60% | (37.4%/40.1%) 0.93x | (-10.3%/-23.8%) 0.43x | 62 | 1.8 |
BTCUSDT β’ 1 Hour | 56% | (36.4%/68.2%) 0.53x | (-31.3%/-30.6%) 1.02x | 43 | 2.2 |
EURUSD β’ 1 Hour | 50% | (6.9%/6.8%) 1.01x | (-5.7%/-9.0%) 0.63x | 42 | 2.4 |
GLD β’ 1 Hour | 60% | (35.8%/117.6%) 0.30x | (-26.6%/-22.2%) 1.20x | 36 | 3.0 |
NVDA β’ 1 Hour | 61% | (783.4%/3126.3%) 0.25x | (-51.4%/-68.0%) 0.76x | 52 | 3.5 |
SPY β’ 1 Hour | 64% | (85.7%/106.7%) 0.80x | (-19.0%/-35.1%) 0.54x | 61 | 2.3 |
TSLA β’ 1 Hour | 55% | (2930.2%/1395.5%) 2.10x | (-38.7%/-75.1%) 0.52x | 56 | 6.0 |
WMT β’ 1 Hour | 60% | (33.6%/138.2%) 0.24x | (-28.4%/-26.9%) 1.06x | 50 | 1.6 |
BTCUSDT β’ Daily | 59% | (638.7%/1337.5%) 0.48x | (-61.1%/-76.6%) 0.80x | 83 | 7.3 |
EURUSD β’ Daily | 35% | (4.8%/10.8%) 0.44x | (-12.2%/-23.3%) 0.52x | 71 | 0.7 |
GLD β’ Daily | 61% | (242.9%/595.1%) 0.41x | (-36.4%/-45.3%) 0.80x | 46 | 6.4 |
NVDA β’ Daily | 65% | (83183.3%/373678.5%) 0.22x | (-57.1%/-90.0%) 0.63x | 77 | 16.0 |
SPY β’ Daily | 72% | (1127.3%/1316.3%) 0.86x | (-32.5%/-56.7%) 0.57x | 87 | 3.8 |
TSLA β’ Daily | 57% | (3139.0%/24185.2%) 0.13x | (-65.4%/-75.0%) 0.87x | 38 | 25.3 |
WMT β’ Daily | 64% | (1143.9%/13022.2%) 0.09x | (-57.1%/-50.6%) 1.13x | 39 | 8.1 |